1. High-cost of 3D printers: Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed an injection-based bio-printing mechanism that integrates into any 3D printer for under US$500.
2. Multiple reciprocating layer 3D printing of objects: The researchers tested different materials and finally used polymer filaments as an "exoskeleton" to improve the strength of the 3D printed structure. Their paper "Enhanced Impact Resistance of Three-Dimensional- Printed Parts with Structured Filaments", is published in the journal “ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces”.